Means for synchronizing the operations of sound-producing instruments and moving-picture apparatus or other moving parts.



ouNn PRoDucxNG INSTRUMENTS AND IHER MOVING PANTS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE Il. 1914 RENEWED APR. I7. 191B4 Patented Dee. 16,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIGE.

EDWIN WELTE, OF FREIBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0

ivi. WELTE a soNs, incoaroaarnn, NEWYORK.

OE N'EW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF MEANS FOR SYNCHRONIZING THE OPERATIONS OF SOUND-ERODUCING INSTRUMENTS AND MOVING-PICTURE APPARATUS 0R OTHER MOVING PARTS.

Application ile'd .Tune 11, 1914, Serial No. 844,574. Renewed April 17, 1918.

To all whom t may concern:

A Be it known that I, EDWIN VELTE, a citizen vof the Empire of Germany, residing at Freiburg, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, in the Empire ofl Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Means for Synchronizing the Operations of ISound- Producing Instruments and Moving Picture Apparatus-or other Moving Parts, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view, partly diagrammatic and partly in section showing a synchronizing apparatus embodying the present ini-l proveniente, the valves of the synchronizing apparatus being shown in the position which they occupy when the pneumatic is not opened to atmospheric air throughthe operation of the controlling elements;

Fig. 2 is alike view showing the positions of the parts whenV the record of the musical or other sound-producing instrument constituting one ofthe parts to be synchronized is moving faster than the other moving part,

which is to be synchronized therewith, at the moment when the primary controlling element associated with said record has opened the primary valve controlled thereby and before the primary controlling element associated with theother moving part has opened the primary valve controlled thereby.

Figs. 3 and 4 are detail representations.

Fig. 5 is a plan .view of parts of the chest J particularly intended to show one -way by which the'links IS7-and 138 may be connected to the arm 132.

Similar characters of reference denote similar parts in the several views.

This invention relates generically to mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts. It particularly'but not exclusively relates to `a mechanism for synchronizing the operations of a record controlled musical instrument-as an auto-l matic piano, orchestrion or organ, for example-and a machine, apparatus, instrument or device appropriate for use therewith.A A very useful present invention has reference to the 4synchronization of the operating of a record controlled musical instrument and a mov- Specification of Letters lPatent.

application of the Serial No. 229,199.

application thereof. It will be understood,

however, that the invention is not restricted to its application as a means for synchronizing the operation of a moving-picture apparatus and a sound producing instrument, and that it is within the spirit of the invention, and its scope as defined by the subjoined claims, to embody it as a means for synchronizing the operations of various mechanisms, .machines, apparatuses, or devices which may desirably be worked together and when so worked should be oper- Patented Ecc. 16., i919.'

ated in time or harmony, one with the other.

Referring now to the embodiment of the inventionexemplified, which I will describe in minute detail because it represents what I now consider to be the preferred embodiment of the invention;

A designates a perforated roll or note sheet of character similar to that commonly employed as the record for,controllingv the operation of self-playing musical instruments. It is commonly known that such note sheets are fed over a tracker board B by means which usually comprisean airmotor C of suitable construction connected by appropriate gearing with a take-up roll, D. I have not considered it to be necessary to show the musical instrument, or the mechanism by which the musical instrument is operated under control of the perforated note sheet or other recordusually employed for the control of such instruments, and which mechanism, as is well known is sometimes arranged in the case of the instrument itself and at-other times in a separate portable cabinet which is movable into and out offoperative relationwith the instrument, particularly when such in- A nisms are well. known and the means of mechanism, Vthe preferred B :casacca strument is a piano or organ. Such mecha; y Lhereor for connecting the motor C thereof with the take-up roll D to feed the record over the tracker board also are Well liiown and need not be particularly described.

Whatever record e operated in consonance with what is fter called lirst controlling elemeiz.. lVhen the record is a peri music roll or note sheet, the first controlling element is preferabl f embodied a roert thereof and is herein shown. comi'rislog a series of spaced vperforatiohs 2O ferai-ed along the note sheet and near one edge thereof. These perforations are of length aud the spa@o 2l between each. pair of perforations preferably is of the same length as each perforation. The trucker hoard B for use with such-recorc is frovided with a special aperture 22 with which the perforations successively register in the movement ofthe record over .the tracker board. l E designates a shaft to be synchronized with the record L This shaft may be a- 4sinned to be the c ,ft to which power is-applied'.' the of the film moving ljofstjlre.apparatus of the usualor any suitaole construction. @hoisting nl consonance with 'this shai t is second controlling element the phases of whose operation Ain relation u ne first controllin' clement" Qontrol or determine the operation embodiment of which is hereinafter set form, oy'

Y the .relative speeds or' the moving 'carts be synchronized are in .tarn controlled. it is' preferred in practice to increase or reduce the speed of the record A. to accord fluctuations in the speed of the part to be synchronized therewith, and accordingly the mechanism exemplified hy the accompanying drawings is organized te eccom- `plish this particular purpose.

The particular second controlling element herein 'shown is of an electrical nature and includes a switch F which is preferably mounted on the shaft E. This particular switch has its peripheral surface pro- .vided' with two oppositely-arranged conductingmembers 23 alternating with nonconducting members 24 and connectedwith each other by a conducting member 23E. Associated with this switchand forming part of the second contro ling element are two contact-arms 25, a battery 26, or other suitable source of electrical energy, an electromagnet 27 y as the Wires 28 and binding posts 29, for example whereby the magnet will be energized then the Contact arms 25 engage the conducting' portions Q3 of the switch and will be vdenergized 'when the contact arms are in contact with the non-conducting poris employed, it should passes out of registi-at equal which eey/rance of the closing of and suitable circuit connections tionssaid switch. The ari the mag-goet is marked 30 and cari;- elosing valve 12S. Y

The correlation of 'the perforations 20 of the first controlling' element and the couducti'ng portions 23 of the seconl controlling element is such 'that when. the parts are moving in synchronisin ,i circuit through the magnet shall be sed at the instant a perforation 20 commences to register uf'th the tracker duct 22 and shall be opened at the instaA said perforation 20 lon with said duct. lNhen, however, the record A is traveling slower than the film, or other pa rt Lo be synchronized therewith, its perforations 2O are severally 'brought into registration with tracker duct 22 before the circuit has been closed through-'the magnet, and similarly if said record is tiaveling` slower than the film, 'or other part to be synchronized with the record, the circuit through the magnet will he closed before a perforation 2() will be brought into registration with the tracker duct: but nevertheless there will be periods, due lto therelative arrangement of the perforations 2O in the record A and the conducting members 23 of the switch F when the switch will be closed while aperforation 2O is in registration with the tracker duct 22, whether the record A he'traveling faster or slower than. the film: and lthe synchronizing mechanism has been so organized, as will he hereinafter more fully explained, that {l} hov change in the speed of either part is effected by the syucl'ironizing mechanism 'when the tracker duct is opened at the seme instant the switch energized, (2) the opening or the 'tracker duct 22 in adthe circuit 4through e magnet will cause parte of 'the synchroriizing mechanism to be a'feoted in such manner that the connections to the motor C will. become operativeto effect' a reduction in the speed of the motor when the magnet has heen energized: and (3) il said magnet is energized before the tracker duct 2Q has been opened, it will cause parts of the synchronizing mechanism to be affected in such manner that the connections to the motor C will Iloecome operative to effect an increase in the speed of the motor when said tracker duct has been opened.

When the motor C is of apneumatic nature, as preferred, the change in its speed is controlled by correspondingly controlling' the air under whose influence it is operated. l? or this purpose, I provide a suitable [rovernor and :mechanism` including` a suitable system of pncfumatically operable valves, for controlling' the governor. @ne suitable form of governor includes a valvexl-n'icn'iber indicated as a vhole by the letter G. l prefer 'to employ a pneumatic motor of a suction nature and to utilize slide valve as the 'the m 50 pressure and less sure,

governing element therefor, and accordingly I have shown such arrangement; H being the main suction conduit; 'll a valve box Ahaving an" openingv 31 in communication With the conduit', and also having an opening 32'Which'is` in communication with a conduit .H2 which leads from the box H to the motor C; and 33 being a slide valve Whose position with relation to the opening 31 controls the suctionalforce to which the motor is subjectedthrough the conduit H2, The preferred form of valve actuating mechanism of the governor is indicated as a ivhole'by the letter 'Land includes devices of a pneumatic nature, as ordinary suction bellows 43 and 44, l:for example, which are independently'operable to move thevalve to increase or reduce thearoa of the opening 31. l

ln the herein exemplified form of the invention, valve 33 lhas an outwardly-extending stem 34 by which, it .is connected to an oscillatory member 35 which is pivoted at36 and has arcual tee'th'37 meshed Withv a pinion 38 mounted 4on a shaft 39. The shaft 39 is provided with a ratchet 40 having two sets .of teeth, 40 and 40, and these sets of teeth are respectively-engaged by arms or pa`wls 41 and 42 operable to move the ratchet to the right or left,

scribed gearing, or other connecting means `Which may be'employed in lieu thereof, moving the stem 34 and valve 33' and: causing more or less ofthe opening 31 to be uncovered, so as to increase or reduce theyspeed of otor. 'The pneumatics 43 and 44 are connected to the arms 41 and 42. respectively, The arms or pawls 41 and 42 are preferably held in'proper relation to the teeth 40a and 40" by springs 41aL and 49a, and a pair ofcoperating stop elements 45 and 46 are preferably employed for each bellows 43' and 44 to control the extent of collapsing movement of said bellows one stop, as 45,

of each pair being adjustable and the other l having a sound deadening surface 47.

For operating the pneumatics 43 and 44 I' employ a mechanism which utilizes air having different pressures-as atmospheric than atmospheric preslate the effects of these by a pneumatic action,under control ofthe primary controlling elements.

The preferred embodiment of this action will now be described in detail, Without, however, thereby intending to restrict the invention to the particular details which will be described.

y 91 and 97 designate a pair of pneumatically operable valves hereinafter called primary valves These valves are mounted' in chambers i and 87 respectively. Chamber 81 h." ports' 81a and 81", through Which it has communication with sources of air Raving dierent pressures, as atmospheric thereby, through the de-.

example,

respectively', for 4example-and regupressure and less than atmospheric, for example, and valve 91 opens and closes these p orts alternately. 'The stem of this valve is connected to a suitable pressure-operable member, `.as a diaphragm or membrane 105 one side of which is constantly exposed to air having less than 'atmospheric pressure, for example, While Aits ether side' is intermittently exposed to air having atmospheric pressure, for example, under control of the first controlling element, the said air being admitted through a duct 119 extending from the tracker duct 22 and connected With a chamber 100 by a branch 121.

Chamber 87 similarly has ports 87a and 87b which are opened and closed alternately by the valve 97 to thereby control communi-- cationV of said chamber with said air sources. This valve operates under control of the second controlling element, its stem being connected to a suitable pressure-operable member, as a diaphragm or membrane 109, one side of which is constantly exposed to air having less than amospheric pressure, for example, while its other' side is intermittentlyexposed to air having atmospheric pressure, for example, admitted to a chamber' 104 through port 122a by the energizing of the magnet 27.

There is another pair of valves marked 93 and 95, hereinafter called secondary valves. These are mounted in chambers 83 and 85 having ports 83a and 85 throu'gh Whichthe chambers respectively have cornmunication with the air of one pressure, as atmospheric, for example, and other ports 831 and 85b through Which they respectively have communication with the air of a different pressure, as lessthanatmospheric, for example. Chamber 83 is connected With pneumatic 44 by a' duct 148 and chamber 85 is connected with pneumatic 43 by a duct 147. Valve 93 has-its stem connected to a suitable pressure; operable member, as a membrane or diaphragm 106, one side of which is constantly exposedjo the air of one pressure, as less than atmospheric, for

While its other side is intermittently exposed to the air of a di'erent pressure, as atmospheric, for example. Valve 95 similarly has its stem connected to a suitable pressure-operable member, as a membrane or diaphragm `108 oneside of which is constantly exposed to the air of one pressure, as less than atmospheric, for example, and the other side of which is intermittently exposed to the air of a different pressure, as atmospheric pressure, for example.

The pressures Which open the secondary valves are substantially under control ofthe primary valves mechanism which is of a selective 'nature in that it includes elements whereby one secondary valve, as 95, is opened when primary valve 91 is 'opened first, and the other secthrough an intermediate' one primary valve other primary valve, as 97, is opene The selecting means are thus, broad der control ef that moving part vv in advance of the other. mechanism, vas herein embodied, is fu..u` characterized by the fact that neither ondary valve is opened when both prinn valves are opened at the same instant and still further characterized by acorrelation et parts of such nature that the opening of in advance of the other sets an appropriate actuating element of )ressure controllinf means into such osiate said means f of the other, an'l also includes tion that When the other primary valve is opened said element will be moved to Ioperto open one or the other secondary valve, in accordance with the position te which said actuating element has been set.

lThe pressure controlling means last refer-red to preferably includes a pair oi' valves 14:1 and 142 which respectively control atmospheric channels 143 and 144- leading to chambers 103 and 101 on one side o the diaphragms 108 and 106,-1'espectively. The actuating element referred to is preferably an arm132, and the means for operating' this arm to cause the secondary valvesto open selectively', include means by which adjust 1g movement is imparted to the arm to set it into selecting position with relation to one or the other valve 1&1 and according to which primary valve is opened in advance which operating novement is im: the arm, the latter means includi nient which is rendered erl'cctive second-opened mary valve, th primary valve associated with il moving part, has been openedu rlhe adjus'tn means forming pa 3 ci the selective mechanism, 'in the herein esempliied form of the invention, includes a pair ofpneumatically operable valves 92 and 96 mounted in chambers 82 and 38, respectively, and a pair or' pneumatics 135 and 136 which are respectively connected to the chambers 32 and S6 by ducts 139 and 140 and are also connected to the arm' 132 by links 137 and 133, respectively.

The chambers 82 and 3G have ports 822 and 86m, through which they may have communication with air or' one pressure, as at-.

mospheric, for example, and other ports 82b and 86 through which they maj/"have conimunication with a source of air`V of different pressure, as less than atmospheric, for example. V

Gf course it will be understood that the open position of all the valves herein reierred to'is that position they are caused to assume in effecting change in the relative speeds of the parts to be synchronized.. In the present exemplication ofthe invention,

ieaeee this occurs when the valve clnun'f' s are in communication with the soui ce oit' an of less than atmospheric pressure and in such case the open position of thc valves is the position.

in which they open their respective cl'iainbers 7o to such source of air and their closed posi tion is that in which their chambe"` are opened to the atmosphere, the latter serving as `Well understood to restore the parte to position to be again operated. The links 137 and 138 have their outer ends pivoted to the movable boards et 'thc pneumatics 135 and 13G respectively and their inner ends are suitably j )ivotally con netted to the arm 132 to cause sain arm to 80 be adjusted toward the right, into li e valve V14:1 when bellows 1" Y and to be adjusted toward 'the left i with valve 142 when bellows 13G co f This arm is carried by a pneumatic no, to S5 the movable board of which one of ends is pivoted at 133 and is held normally in a neutral position, between the lines out tle valves 14-1 and 111-2, by,l a spring 131, the tendency ofwhich is to return the arm to 0u its neutral position when the force e c l thereon through the pneumatic an( 137 or pneumatic 13b and linl; 13S to nieve it pivotally from such position has ceased. This pneumatic 130 when collapsed, 5 so operating n'iovement to the arui 132 wel il the'pneuinatics 135 and l i impart adjusting movement ther parent.

Valves 92 and primary valves 91 and Si? an' moving parts resiectively, f are preierablv so correlat` terinediate interrelated con., neither valve 92 nor valve when both primary valves once, 'but when valve 91 is valve 97, valve also'is i ii 96 is locked in closed position rf 9'? has been opened, whereupon valve released and valve`92l is closed if larly when valve 97 is opened i is opened and valve 92 i1 loc ed i posit-ion until valve 91 ha whereupon valve 96 is clos c,

released. This is preferably accomplisncu by attaching the stems o'fvalves 92 -f to suitable pressure operable inendA asdiaphragms or membranes 112 and 115, re-- spectively, one .of which, 112, arra between two chambers and 111 and posed to air therein, and the other et .vhl ,1, 115, is arranged between and exposed to the air in two chambers 113 and 114, and by connecting chambers 111 and 114-. lth chain bers 81 and 87 srespectively by channels "y and 127, for example, and *chambers and 113 with chambers 3"? and S1 tively, by ducts128 and 1%, for There is another valve, marked 9.4, a

,130 eiective to move ieaoee valve is operated to render the pneumatic the arm 132 longitudinally to open valve 141 or valve 142 according to the position to which said arm has been previously adjusted. ln a broad sense it is under control ot that moving part which is lagging behind the other moving' part and hence, broadly, is under control ot' the primary valve associated with the lagging moving4 part, z'. e., the second-opened primary valve.

1n the particular herein-exemplified forni ot the invention, more specifically stated, the valve 94 is under the conjoint or combined control ot the primary controlling elements, through a correlation of parts of such, nature that the air pressures which y operate the pneumatic 130 are so controlled that they do not become eifective upon the pneumatic 130 to move the arm 132 into position to operate either valve 141 or 142 until the controlling elements have caused both primary valves 91 and 97 to be opened. Hence, the operation et this valve actuating arm 132 to open either ot said valves 141 or 142 isassuredly postponed until after it has been adjusted, it' the moving parts are traveling out of synchronism with each other.

1n the particular form ot the invention herein exemplified the valve 94 is mounted in a chamber 84 having ports 84a and 84b for airs of different pressures, as atmospheric and less than atmospheric, for example. This chamber is also connectedV with the pneumatic 130, by a channel 131. The stem ot the valve 94 is attached at one end to a diaphragm 107, one of whose surfaces is constantly exposed to air of one pressure, as less than atmospheric, for. example, and the other of whose surfaces is intermittently exposed to air ot a dierent pressure, as atmospheric, for example, undercontrol ot the first controlling element. r1`he other -end of said valve stem is attached to a membrane or diaphragm 118 separating two chambers '116 and 117 from each other. One of these chambers (113) is constantly open-through channel "'ainpleu to air ci one pressure,`as less a this side of the heric, tor exam le so that P diaphragm is constantly eX osed to such,

air. rEhe other chamber, isv constantly in. communication with chamber 87, by duct 123 :tor`eXample, whereby the side ot the hragm presented to this ,chamber is inttently exposed toairs ot dierent ires, under control oit the second controlling element. The chamber 102, on one ..4 11h., .'1 l" 1 i er enediapnragm 10s is connected the duct 119, by a branch 122, for

` l'lhe several chambers and their valves may be conveniently embodied in the .form of a chest and suchembodimenteecerdrngly diaphragm 115,

. board,

is shown, the chest considered as a whole being marked J. Moreover, the present day practice, in self-playing ymusical instruments, tor example, which. utilize differences in air pressures in the operation or control of the parts, favor the use of air at atmospheric pressure and air at less than atmospheric pressure, z'. e., under suction, and for the same reasons which cause said airs to be preferred in such instrument, 1 prefer their use herein, although l recognize that when the present invention is embodied in an instrument of a pneumatic nature, as herein exemplified, airs of other diiierent pressures may be employed though probably with less satisfactory results.

Accordingly, l have shown the chest J as having a conduit which is under succhambers 81-87 are between these conduits' or conductors of air currents and they severally open int-o the conductor 80 through their ports S1b 87b and into the'tconductor 9.0 through their ports 81a 87a. The chest also contains the chambers 100, 101, 102, 103 and 104, and these chambers are sepa rated from the suction conduit`80 by the diaphragms 105, 106, 107, 108 and109, respectively. lt further contains the chambers '110 and 111, separated from each other by the diaphragm 112; the chambers 113 and 114, separated from each other by the and the chambers 116 and 117 separated from each other by the diahragm '118; and also contains the channels 125, 127, 129 and 131, hereinbefore referred to. Moreover, the valves 141 and 142 are preferably mounted in chambers, 145 and 146, which are suitably open to the atmosphere and form a part of the chest.

As has already been stated, the valve 92 is connected with a diaphragm 112 arran ed between chambers 110 and 111 andthe va ve 96 is'connected with the diaphragm 115 arranged between chambeis 113 and 114. It has also been shown that the chambers 111 and 113 are connected with the chamber 81 by the channel 125 and duct 124 respectively, while the chambers 114 and110 are connected with the chamber-87 by the channel 127 and duct 126,1espectively. It will be apparent that whenever a tempo-perforation 20 registers with the aperture 22 in the tracker- Lhe valve 91 will be raised thereby cutting on' the chambers 111 and 113 from. communication with the atmospheric conduit 90 and placing them in'communication with the suction conduit 80. Accordingly it the valve 91 is raised before the valve 97, the chamberslll and 113 will be placed under suctional torce while the chambers 110 and 114 still have communication with theatmospherieweonduitsQQeeHence the diaiso Aim

l be raised, thereby raisin` genie-g Communication. of with the suetione-l conduit,

ot the diaphragm will aet to hold the valve 95 tightly in the position in Whieh it excludes eornnnmieetion of 'the chamber 86 with the suetional conduit. The chamber S2 being new open. to suction, the pneumatied' is eoilapsed and hence the arm 132 's thereby iroved pivot l; the right of its neutral oesition eutomatieaily i 'H' 'l v, when the oliing e eent ooeiates 5 1 t loe raised before tee d, when valve 9'? is re the @faire 91, tie el' 11% be placed under ellf if 1 1 "2"3 the ehanioeis 1.13 and 111 munieetion with the atmospheres eonduit,

susi the Vaive 96 ee iJ e ,I t i l the -.i n 102 is e to the etiresh e chamber 191i is e osed egtenst relative pressures on opdiaphragni 10'? tending to raise said diaphragm are balanced by the reiative pressures in the chambers 116 and 117 on opposite sides or" the diaphragm 118 and lieneethe oi'ees which tend to raise the valve 94 are insuilieient 'te overcome the for-ses Whieh tend to hold the valve down; While en the other hand if the chamber 104; only is open, to the atmosphere the diaphregm 109 will be raised and will raise the valve 9( and plaee the chamber 117 under suction through the duet 125, eh: uber 87, and poit 8?, but this results merely in a balancing of the sectional forces on opposite sides of the dieehragm 118 and es the ehembei' 102 is not in communication with the atmosphere there is no predetermined amount of pressure exerted on the dia phragm 1G?" such as would raise the same and thereby raise the valve Hence, the adjustment ei the ann 132 pivoti 3, to the right or'le S' of its neutral los An, coininene'es before longitudinal movement of said arm. lt will be noted that the tempooerforations 530 of 'the tiret controlling eleinent and the eondueting parts 23 of the seeond eon'tiol'ling element are of appropriate length.,- being suoli that even when. the movements of the record and film are not pern wnile at ine saine time the air forces on ep- I- posrte sides section While feetly synchronized, and hence 'it becomes necessary to either speed up or slowdown the record, there will be a time in the move inent of every te1npo-pereration 2() when it will register with the aperture 22 in the r tracker board While the circuit is closed r movement of the arm 132 after it has been adjusted to the right or left of its neutral position is assured.

When the arm 132 is moved longitudinally While in adjusted position at the right of neutral osition it ae'ts u wn the Valvev and opens chamber 1 s t re, thereby eau Vne in d and to raise the vo., o so es to chamber f the suetional conduit, aber being eonneeted to the, io by a duet 141-? said pneumatic when the valve is raised. nir rly, 'when the arm f noved lonelidinally While in: adjusted position. at the ,left of its neutral position, it :iets upon the valve i2 and opens the eh ber 101 to the stir e, tierebj'f the valve 93 to Jise and suction to be'eemnnmieated to tue lei ,elniatie 44: through the conduit 80,

port; 83, ehan'iber 83 92nd duet 148. i

ne operation of the rein exemplified form the invention may be recapitulated as follows:-

Ass-ienne@ that a record has been produced l pezorations suitable to cause the tion lof sounds appropriate to thepiend with tempo perforations properly arranged thereon, and assuming further that e suitable kind, not neeessarT herein n ie..ierly te set forth, are' elnpieyed 'lo indicate the moment at which thel record shall be started, and also assuming that when the record and film are started at the proper relative times but variations in the relative speeds thereof may occur-Lll of the operator of the l through the inability moving picture apparatus to turn thesha'ft E at an absolutely uniform rate of Speed at. all times, for eXample-there evidently will be times when the record and shaft will be moved. at exactly the same speed so that the first tempo-per orations in the record ywill register withl the aperture 22'at the same moment that the eireuit is closed through the magnet 2'? and othertimes r4when the record may be moving somewhat faster than'the speed ofrotation of the shaft E, and still other times when the record 'may be moving slower than the shaft E.

When the tempo regulating perforations of the record pass over the aperture 22' of the tracker board exactly at Vthe saine n10- through the magnet, whereby longiti'ldinal by theV suctional force in ,on opposite be raised; The'raising of: the diaphragms and "104 raises the valves 91 and 97, thereby cutting ofi communication of the chambers 81 and 87 with the atmospheric conduit 90 and opening up communication of said chambers with -the suction conduit 80. The suctional force whichY isfat this time communicated to the chamber'111 and the suctional force simultaneously communicated to the chamber 114 are balanced the chambers and 113 and consequently the diaphragme 112 and 115 remain inactive so that the valves 92 and 96 controlling the chambers 82 and 86 through which the adjusting pneumatics 135 and 136 for the lever or arm 132 are connected with the suction conduit remain closed; The raising of diaphragm 107 raises the valve 94 and places the pneumatic 130 under suction. This moves the lever or arm 132 longitudinally but while being so moved it is in a neutrai position. Consequently, neither of the pneumatics 43 or 44 are operated. Y A

lVhen, however, there is any variation between the times of registration of any one of the tempo-apertures with the aperture 22 of the tracker board and the closing of the circuit through the'magnet 27, the forces sides of the diaphragm 112 or the diaphragm will become unbalanced and one or the other ci the pneumatics 135 and 136 will be yplaced under suction, according to whether the registration of the perforation 20 with the aperture 22 is ahead of or follows the closing of the' circult through the magnet f Thus, if the record is moving faster than the film so that its opening 20 will register' with the aperture 22 before the closingof the circuit through the magnet, the opening of the chamber 100 to t e atmosphere and the raising ofithe valve and consequent putting of the chamber 111 under suction, occurs before the chamber 110 is also placed under suction. "Elencav the forces on opposite sides of' the' diaphragm' 112 are unbalanced, the' predominating force being effective to raiseJ the diaphragm 112 and ythrough it the valve 92. The valve 92 is thus caused to cut'o' communication of the chamber 82 with the atmospheric conduit 90 and'open communication of said chamber with the suction conduit 80. The pneumatic 135 is new incommunication with the suctio conduit 30 through theduct 139, chamba and port 3 2b and is collapsed, thereby moving the arm or lever 132 toward the eht into position wherein upon its 'in vvard movement it will act upon the -ive 141. This downward movement oft" ,4 or lever 132, it will be remembered, is caused by the collapsing of the pneumatic but until the circuit through the magnet 27 is closed thereby and the chamber 104 is thereby opened to the atmosphere, the chamber 117 is under atmospheric pressure through the duct 126, chamber 87 and port 37" and the valve 94 remains seated and prevents collapsing of the pneumatic 130. yAssuming now that the leverhas been adjusted toward the-right and that the circuit through the magnet has been closed, the pneumatic 130 will be collapsed and` will cause the lever or arm 132 to move thel valve 141 away from its seat, opening'the chamberv 103 to the at-l mosphere. lThe diaphragm 108 will now be raised and willraise the valve 95 thereby opening the chamber 85 to the suction conduit and causing the pneumatic 43 to be placed under suction communicated thereto through the duct 147, chamber 85' and port'. Sf. The'` pneumatic 43 being thus 'collapsed will -cause its arm 41 to turn theratchet 40 vone tooth. This turns they `sha 39, and

which the chambers 100 and 102 are open im to the atm f h A. passed out of regis-- tration with the aperture 22 in the tracker board andthe magnet vhas been denergized by the passagel of the conducting portions 23 of the switch out of engagement with the arms 25) the valves 91, 92, 94, 95 and 97 will return to their former positions in which the chambers S1, 32, 34, 85 and 37 are 'open to the atmosphere through tie ports 81a, '82, S4, 85 and S7 and the com y duit 90, thereby permitting the pneumatics 135, 130 and 43 to returnto their expanded .conditions ready for another operation.

0n the other hand, when the iilm is' nieving asterthan the record, so that the cin i cuit is closed by the second contrcllir ment before the corresponding temp foration 20 in the rst controlling el comes into registration with the ap i 22, the chamber 104 will 'be opened to the atmosphere before theA chambers 102 and 100 and the valve 97 wiil be raised before the valves 94 and 91 with the ioilciving result:

'The chamber 114 will be in communican` :l

tion with the'suction conduit 80, through the channel 127, chamber 87 and port 87b while the chamber 113 is still underl atmospheric pressure. p Hence, the diaphragm l115 will be raised, thereby raising th valve 96 andV communication of the pneu- 7vt'n the suction conduit 80. This thus collapsed nieves the "i .i552 to the left into line with del, so that when the pneumatic ligase@ the valve 142 Wili ce forced. The raising of the valve 97 sinistrescommunication of the cliainwith. the suction conduit so that the 'forces on opposite sides ofthe lirigni ."iS are now balanced, and the of saicl valve 9'? further establishes 'cation of tlie eiiainber 11G with the ,E conduit so as to hold the valve 92 oyen the seat controlling communica- Lie el ber 82 with the suction contl'ins be apparent that when 0, i012 are opened to the ate passage of a tempo-perforai "st controlling element over f the tracker board, the sucnpon diapnrag'ins npivercl direction Wili snetional force acting upon fin 118 in downward direcseqneifitly tiie valve 9e will be ed communication of the pneumatic li the snetional conduit 8O estab- .l il ns moving the lever or arin 132 i vlinalijv and causing it to pressvthe :zivay from its seata The opening en -loer 1GO the atmosphere ve @l to be 'raised and places 'ii in communication with the i 80, but as 'the chamber ll() suction, the snc-tional forces sro-es of the diaphragm 11.9, baland the valve 92 is not tno valve 9'? is closet.. Meanie opening of the clianiber 101 to the atmosphere causes tiie valve 93 to be aised thereby opening the clianiber?) to the sietional -conduit 80. This causes., the f istie llto be placed. under suction "li the (inet 148, chamber 83 and cluet 'av rerenpon is moved and caused nioe the latter so as to increase of the opening 31- and canse the C to rini faster.

nave tiins illustrated and described in .vliat l consider to ne the most praceinbotliznent of my invention. but I have it nnflerstoofl that this partieneinlioclimei'it of the invention is merely nel that changes may be made ition otherwise and varionsb7 rv" odieil. fitiiont departing from its spirit scope of the snbjOiDP/Ll Claimsving new described the invention what elieve he neny and desire to .secure by Letters Patent, iszl. VMeclianisin for synchronizing the operation of moving parts including, in com- Duration, a motor for one oi the said parts fescribecl connection With thev bination, a ,motor for one or the o1 by that moving the other. and iler controi of or controlling the strength of the orco exerted upon the niotor to accelerate or r t the speed of tie selecting in part which is nronizing the op ei tion or moving n; s comprising, in eoinionization, a nwtor tor on@ 'if the said Qarts, and mechanism tk l the strength oi the torce exerted u.A ie inotor includu ing,r a nieinoer settable into position to effect, 'when actuated,

increase or decrease in the speed oi' the inotor, means nnclefr control of that 'moving` 'part which is in ad vance of the other for setting; said member, anti. ineens rendered. effective under control of the other moving part to aetuate said ineinber. u

4, i'ieeliani :n for synchronizing the operation oi;= moving parts con'iprising, .in coinbination, a motor 'For one of said. parts, devices, connection tiironm' viiiei'i the strength of Atire force exertec. npc-n the motor is controileii to diminish the speed of the motor when one device is operated and accelerate the of the motor vvlien tlie other device is operated, devices, said means includ-ing a settable member, elements for setting the member into operable position with respect* to one or the other of said devices respectively, under control of that moving part ivliieh is in advanee of the other, and elements rendered efective under control of the other moving part for causing said member to operate the device for which it llas been set.

5. Mechanism for synchronizing the op eration of moving parte, comprising in coinone of said parts, a pair of elements anti connections between said elements anti. the rector controlling the strength of the .i ce exerted upon tliev1notor to eii'ect an crease or decrease in the anti ineans for operating said.

speed of tlie motor accor-:ling to which of said elements is aetnateo., an actuator for said. elements, ac ng undencontroi -f moving parte to be synehronize inming; tile actuator to' position to engage one or tlre other of said elements according to which oi the moving parts is in The other and means ren/eieren effect.

. c nder control 01"' the other vso acceleration or retardation of the speed of the motor, respectively, and also including means byv which only that valve which is controlled by the primary controllerl traveling in advance of the other primary controller is opened in'changing the speed ot the motor.

7. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for driving one of the parts to be synchronized, primary controllers operable in accord with the movements of said parts, respectively, and connections between the primary controllers and the motor, said connections including separate valves which are operable to etl'ectan acceleration or retardation of the speed of the motor, respectively, and also including additional valves which respectively control the vtirst mentioned yvalves and in turn are controlled by the primary controllers, respectively, and means for opening the addivtional valve which is controlled bythe primary controller traveling in advance of the other primary controller.

8. Mechanism for sym-.lironizing the operation of moving` parts, comprising, in combination, a lmotor for driving one 'of the parts to be synchronized, primary valves, means for opening tliepi'iinary valves in accord with the movements of the parts to besynchrtmized, secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor, through which the speed of the motor is increased when one secondary -valve .is opened and reduced when the other secondary valve is opened, additional valves respectively controlling the secondary valves, and means controlled by the primary valves and in turn controlling the additional valves to open one additional valve when one primary valve is opened in advance of the other 4and to open the other additional valve when the other primary valve is opened first.

9. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation ot moving parts, con'iprising, in combination, afmotor for driving one of the parts, prin'iary valves-means for operating the primary valves in accord with the movements ot the parts to be synchronized, respectively, secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor for accelerating or retarding the speed of the motor according to which valve is opened, and connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves, the latter connections including valves and means for selectively operating the same under control of the primary valves to Selectively control the secondary valves.

l0. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, comprising, in cembination, a motor for driving one of the parts, primary valves, means for operating said valves in accord with the movements oic the parts to be synchronized, respectively, secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor, and connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves, including atmospheric ducts, valveeitor controlling. said ducts and means to selectively open the last named valves under control ot' the primary valves.

l1. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor ior one ofthe parts to be synchronized, and means for effecting an ,increase or decrease in the speed ofthe motor comprising a pair of valves, means under control of the moving parts for determining which of the valves is to be actuated,l and actuatingvmeans for said valves also under control of the moving parts.

l2. Mechanism for synchronizing the ope 'ation of moving parts, ycomprising in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of air-controlling valves, pneumatically operable means controlled by said valves respectively, means by which the pneumatically-operable means control the strength of the force exerted upon the motor toA eect an increase or decrease in the speed of the motor according to which of the air-controlling valves is opened, an actuator for said valves means acti-ng under control of one or the other of the moving parts to be synchronized ior moving the actuator to position to engage one or the other of said valves according to which of the moving parts is ,in advance of the other, and means rendered effect-ive under control of the other moving part to move said' actuator to open said valve. i

13. Mechanism for synchronizing the op` eration of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for 'one of said parts, a pair of valves the movements ot' which etiect an increase or decrease in the speed of the motor according to which of said valves is actuated, actuating means for said valves adjustable into and out of operating position with respect to said valves and pneumatic means for adjusting and actuating said actuating means.

1l.. Mechanism for synchronizing the op-y rrations of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one ot said parts, a valve, connection between said valve and the motor, an actuator for said valve, movable 'Ill fr se and. 1mm @pela 1 Le van@ s nenea te .et-nate?" and, a @nenn synchronizing the 0pamaaxn te @pnl @ung pays ceinpnslng, in Ceni- 15. llecllalnsl'n nfor ler one Gi' the pars and y v n l l A I y eral-lens el movin neleasmg reduelng the speed.

'nneumainn meier inclmliig means selectively 0pgoveineif valve n l mele?, and ineehal i" ernervalve t, `vl l te accord elle@ l upc/n elle xnoe'l @hall be increased Sa-id mechanism e? eaaced amil means opelatecl under the eenjon eennwl of the moving arts for nil foi'ee to mc ease er reduce by paeun'iail e epeefl ef i.; i@ Meter as prei elnnlninecl by Henin-e1 in eppeslae e, allen e he first named means.

6. Meenansln fel 'Een ayiieln'onizlng the epng' arts Comprising, in cem- @ne ei the parte, a pair are operable in accord ris rea lectivelv, a pair pecti vely een trol led by era-i. annimevlngpaL bln sifnn metal f pali.' of primary by which the F4 ae cannelle@ by lie iii/ely, a. j-Qneuuaie; atable epelating "alle pneumatic .men C Y the movements ei? ie pimay valves, and @fessure eol'ltrelln5 Y' ated nnclel` eelel of al e turn eenelling' lie y 'z 'ves and operated un 'ne pmary alve Opened whether die Ope'ating een lle nioor shall be .inaaai-il;g and means under the 'el eff lie niinary controllers 'Leci, when the other prirnaly valve l?. Meehanism fel e ei, pvnecl. iin' controlling said. force eiablon mevlng par nereaae e (mee the speed el tlie'xnoer b mailen, a. moto? fai' ie@ alle operation of the pan of primajl Cen'mnn fr by which the primar?! eontlf Cen'mllen by the moving i A I V1 parts comprising, in ee1nand eenneetmns between t primary eenme" im' one of the parte a Helling valves anl 1ille 2 tiene Comunas nl; pn'l and W ee'nt'elleis epel'able in aenieving gal'ts 'eSpeetiivellv, a 7 valves respectively e011- fl'ellels, a pail' of secondtieus between the secoml- Saul 'Qennecagain-Lied elemen, ane lie pneumatic forces een mentieneil elen'en are in in accn'lance Vith the me ilnnlary centwll "valves, i 30 Sei; said iet n tien efi'ee or fleerez'ise in lng te 'win 3l1 0i and als@ 'helic-2 inenf'zloneil 'f p-imay 'valve :iS

18. lileelianiln Y l eration 0f nevngjf pai-ce Geminis bination, a motel fn' means for seleeive falves and the seeen lmeans operated under i fi/ea respectively, Y .Conclary valve sllall ieana under the conjoint naiy controllers te cause Secondary valve to 'be rniined by the operation i 1 n'ieanS. mliansi' 3"'01' synchronizing the 0pnu ving pal-s comprising, in conilen. a niexn? for one of the parts, a pair "i ai,

which operate sain 1n of primary valvess means for Opening' the duce lille speed tlieee sami, in accord nth the movements of the primary eeni'zellefs, an

sits o 'ne Synchronized i-espeetively, a pail' whereby Sam; valve/5 eo pressure operated secondary valvefs, eenneetlens beiveeu the secondary Yalves and 'lle motel", for weeding up the motor when one valve is opened and slowing it deva tel' and elements for ope leetlvely including an admsting means ein elated under Cont-rcel el Jne piinlarv eenvlien the eliel valve is opened, and means tx'elleif associated ivltli the lnevinf pari. fe? opening; 'Clie Secondary valves selectively, .L l l w n n'avelng in advance of tile en ier anan @jgincluding pleasure controlling means foi' the secondary valves, an adjustable actuating element therefor, and means for adjusting the actuating element into operative relation with the pressure controlling means 'of one o1; the other secondary valve under control of the first opened primary valve and for actuating it to operate the pressure controlling means when the second opened primary valve is opened.

23. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of the parts, a pair of primary valves, means for opening the same in accord with the movei'nents of the parts to be synchronized, respectively, a pair of pressure operated secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor for speeding up the motor when one valve is opened and slowing it down when the other valve is opened, and means for opening the secondary valves selectively, including pressure controlling valves for the secondary valves, respectively, an adjustable actuating arm for the pressure controlling` valves, means for adjusting said arm into operative relation with one or the other ot' said valves under control of the primary valve first opened, and means for operating said arm to open the valve for which it has been set when the other primary valve has been opened.

24A Mechanism for synchronizing the operation or' moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one ofthe parts, a pair of primary valves, kmeans for opening the same in accord with the movements of the parts to be synchronized, a pair of pressure operated secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor for speeding up the motor when one valve is opened and slowing it down when the other valve is opened, and means for opening the secondary valves selectively, including pressure controlling valves for the seconda'ry valves, respectively, an adjustable actuating arm for the pressure controlling valves, adjusting pneumatics for the arm, an actuating pneumatic for the arm, connections between the adjusting pneumatics and the primary valves for operating them under control of said valves respectively and means for operating the operating pneumatic when both primaiy valves have been opened;

25. Mechanism for synchronizing the op- .eration o moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of the parts, a pair of primary valves, means for opening the same in accord with the movements of the parts to be synchronized, a pair of pressure operated secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and-the motor, for speeding up the motor when one valve is opened and' slowing it down when the other valve is opened, and means for opening the Secondary valves selectively, including pressure eontolling valves for .the secondary valves, respectively, an adjustable actuating arm for the lressure lcontrolling valves, adj usting pneuidatics for the arm, an actuating pneumatic for\the arm, valved connections between the primary valves and the adjusting pneumatics, the valves of said connections being controlled by the primary valves, respectively, to cause the actuating arm to be adjusted into operative relation with one or the other of said pressure controlling valves according to which primaryvalve is opened first, and means for actuating the operating pneumatic when both primary valves have been opened.

2G. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said-parts, a pair of valves, means under control of said valves for effecting an increase or decrease in the speed of said motor according to which of said valves is actuated, and mechanism under control of the moving parts, for opening said valves and including means under control ot that moving part which is in advance for holding the valve associate( with the other moving part, closed.

27. Mechanism for synchronizing theoperation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of pneumatically-operable valves, means under control of said valves for varying the speed of the motor and means under control ot' the moving parts for controlling` the pneumatic forces to said valves to open one or the other, according to which part is traveling faster than the other, including elements by which when either valve is opened the oth/er is locked in closed position diing the period correspoluling to the diiierenee in the speeds of the moving parts.-

28. Mechanism for synchronizii'lg the operation oi' moving` parts comprising, in combinatlon, a motor tor one of said parts, a. pair of pneuniatically-operable. valves, means under control oi said valves for varying the speed of the motor and means under control of the moving parts for controlling the pneumatic forces to said valves to open one or the other, according to which part is traveling faster than the other, including a pair of primary valves controlled by thel moving parts, respectively, and elements controlled by the primary valves to lcause one of the first n'ientioned valves to bc opened by the opening of the primary valve corresponding tov the part moving faster than the other antto be closed when the primary valve corresponding to the part which is traveling slower than the other is opened.

29. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation oi moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor ior one of said parts, a

'pair of pressure operated valves, means between the said valves and the motor fog;` in;

tait

when the corresponding primary valve isv opened in advance of the other primary valve, and cause a counterbalaneing of the pressure on each of said first mentioned valves when 'both primary valves are opened at 'the same instant.

30. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising, in `coinbinaition, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of primary valves, 'a pair of secondary valves, connections between the secondary valves and the motor operable to increase .or decrease the strength oi the force eii'ective upon the motor according to which secondary valve is opened, and connections between the primary valves and the secondary valves, including pressure operated meinloers having a third pair oi valves connected thereto and connections between each of said pressure operated membersi and both of said primary valves, 'whereby the secondary valves are opened under control oi the pri- -inary valves respectively through the ine dium of the third pair of valves and said hird pair of valves are socorrelated Vith the primary valves that one or' the tiird pair or valves is opened and the other locked in closed position when one primary valve opened and is closed and the locked valve released when the other primary valve has heen opened.

3l. liechanism for synchronizing the operation ci moving parts comprising, in conihination, a motor for one of said parts and means for changing the speed of the `motor under control of the moving parts inciuding a pair of pressure-operable valves which are opened to increase and reduce the speed of .the motor, respectively, and interrelated means for controlling the pressures 'to said valves to cause one or the other valve to he opened under control of the moving part which istiaveling faster than the other and to he closed under control oi' said other moving part and neither of said valves to he opened when `the parts are traveling :it the same speed.

82. Mechanism for synchronizingthe operation or moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor, pressurecontrolling means therefor, an actuating element for the pressure controlling means, a pneuniatically operable means for moving said clement, a valve for controlling the pressure to said pneumatically operable means, pressure operated means connected with the y valve, means under control of one moving part lor periodically supplying pressure to tion to act upon the pressure controlling means to accelerate or retard the speed of the motor as required when the moving parts are not traveling in their proper timed relation and means for movingV said element to operate the pressure controlling means when it has been thus usted.

34C, Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of mov-ing parts, comprising, in combination, a motor, pressure controlling means having elements through which the speed oli the motor is accelerated and retarded, respectively, an adjustable actuat-A ing element for the pressure controlling means, means for adjusting said element under control of one moving part into position to act upon the pressure controlling means to accelerate or retard the speed of the motor when the moving parts are not traveling in their proper timed relation, and means under control oi the other moving parts for moving said element to operate the pressure controlling means When it has been thus adjusted.

l\lechanisin for synchronizing the op'- eration oi n'ioving parts coi'iiprising, iu coinbination, a. motor for one oit said parts and means 'under control of the n'ioving parts for controlling the speed of the motor, including selecting and actuating means having a piieuinatically operable element and devices for controlling the pneumatic forces to said element said devi compris iiig'a valve, a pair of pressure-operated diaphragme connected to the valve, means through which one side o'l each diaphragm is constantly exposed to air of the same pressure, and means for faryiiig the pressure on the other sides oi the diaphragme under control of the moving parts, respectively'` to open said valve when both moving parts have attained a predetermined relation. 36. Mechanism for synchronizing the opand means under control of the moving parts for controlling the speed or the motor, including mechanism of aA selective nature .eration of mov-ing parts comprising, in coini bination, a motor tor one or said parts Leanne@ having a pressure controlling means, an actuating element therefor, a pneumatic for operating'said element and connections tor controlling the pneumatic, said connections` having a valve, a pair of diaphragme on opposite sides of the valve, one side ot each being exposed to air of an equal pressure,

and means for varying the pressure on the other side of the diaphragms under control of the moving parts respectively, to open said valve when both moving parts have attained a predetermined relation.

37. Mechanism for synchronizing operation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of valves, connections between said valves and the motor for increasing or decreasing the speed of the motor underrcontrol of the valves, respectively, pressure controlling means for the valves respectively, and means for controlling said pressure controlling means including an actuating element, a pneumatic for operating the same, a valve for controlling the air to the interior ofthe pneumatic, a pair of diaphragms on opposite sides of the valve, means through which the sides of the diaphragms presented toward said valve are constantly exposed to the same pressure, means through which the other side of one diaphragm is intermittently subjected to a different pressure .under control of one moving part, and means .through 4which the other side of the other diaphragm is alternately exposed to the air ofditl'erent pressures under control of the other moving part.

38. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation 'of moving parts comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a pair of primary controllers operable in accord With the moving parts, respectively, a -pair of valves, connections between said valves and the motor for increasing or reducing the speed of the motor under control of the valves, respectively, pressure controlling means for the valves, respectively, and means for controlling said pressure controlling means including an actuating cle-- ment, a pneumatic for operating the same, a valve :for controlling the air to the interior of the pneumatic, a pair of diaphragms on opposite sides of the valve, means through which the sides of the diaphragms presented toward said valve are constantly exposed to the same pressure, means through which the other side ofone diaphragm is intermittently subjectedv to a differentl pressure, under control of one o't the primary controllers, a duct for air of different pressures leading to the other side of the other diaphragm, a valve for controlling said duct, and means whereby the last named valve is operated under control oit the other primary controller,

39. Mechanism for synchronizing the the combinatioma motor for one ont' said parts,

`a pair ot primary controllers operable in accord with the moving parts, respectively, a pair of primary valves controlled by said controllers, respectively, a pair of secondary valves, connections between the secondary Valves and the motor Jfor increasing or reducing the speed of the motorfunder control ot' the secondary valves, respectively, pressure controlling means for the secondary valves, respectively, and means for selectively operating the pressure controlling means including an adjustable actuating ele.- ment, means` controlled by the primary valves Jfor adjusting said actuating element into operative relation with a pressure controlling means for the secondary valves, re-

spectively, an operating pneumatic for said actuating element, a valve for controlling the air to the interior of said pneumatic, a Ipair of diaphragms on opposite sides ot the Valve, means through which the sides ot the daphragms presented toward said valve are constantly exposed to the same pressure, means through which the other side of one diaphragm is intermittently subjected to a ditl'erent pressure under control of one ot' the primary controllers, and-a duct for air of di-i'erent pressures leading to the' other' side of the 'other diaphragms, said duct being controlled by the primary valve associated with the other primary controller.

40. 1n a mechanism for synchronizing the operation or' moving parts, the combination with a motor and means Jor selectively varying the strength of the forces exerted upon the motor, including a pneumatic and the following instruuicntalities, to wit: a chamber having communication with said pneumatic and with air sources of different pressures, a valve for controlling such communication, membranes on opposite sides of the valve and connected thereto, one surface of each men'ibrane being4 constantly exposed to one of said sources of pressure, means operated under control ot one of the parts to be synchronized for periodically opening communication of one of said sources with the other side of one membrane and means periodically operated under control ot' the other of the parts to be synchronized tor opening communication of one or the other ot' said sources with the other side of the otherfmembraue.

41. Mechanism tor synchronizing the operation of moving parts, comprising, in combination, a motor for one of said parts, a selecting and actuating element, means controlled by said element for controlling the effective strength of the forces exerted upon the motor., and'means for pneumatically adjusting said element into selecting position including a pair et pneum'atics,connections between said pneumatcs and element and means, including a pneumatically operated part, connections to the Valve-moving means controlled by said part, and pneumatically operated valves controlling the operation ot said pneumatically operated part, said valves in turn being controlled-by the first and second controllers.

5l. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising in coinbination a first controller, a second controller, a governor valve, a pneumatically operated mechanism for moving said governor valve, ducts connected to said valvemoving mechanism, and means for controlling said ducts, said means including valves, a pncumatically operated operating element for said valvcs,. pneumatically operated valves and means controlledby. the-latter valves and in turn controlling said element, said latter Valves being controlled by the first and second controllers.

52. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising in combination, a first controller, a second controller, a governor valve controlling one of said parts, a pneumatically operated mechanism for moving said governor valve, ducts for said valve-moving mechanism, means for controlling said ducts, said means including valves. a pneumatically operated valve-oper ating elementmovable to engage oneor the other of said Valves, and pneumatically actuated elements for operating said valve-actuating clcment to determine which of said valves is to be engaged by it, and pneumatic valves for controlling the elements which move the valve-operating element, said valves in turn being controlled by the first and second controllers.

Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a first controller, a second controller, a governor valve controlling one of said parts, a pneumatically operated mechanism for moving said governor val ve, control ducts for said valve moving mechanism, means for controlling said ducts, said means including valves, a bodily movable member adapted to be shifted to a position to engage and operate one or the other of said valves, and means for shifting said member and for moving it bodily into engagement with one or the other of the valves under control ot' the first and second controllers.

54. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising a rst controller, a second controller, a governor valve controlling one of' said parts, a pneu- Amatically operated mechanism for moving said governor valve, ducts for said valve-I moving mechanism, a bodily movable element,` controlling means for the ducts, controlled by said element, and means. controlled by the first and second controllers,

for shifting the position of said element to determine which duct is to be affected by its movement.

Wechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts. a valve for controlling the operation of the motor, a pneumatically operated means for moving the valve, and means for controlling said valve-moving means, the

controlling means including conductors of air of ditt'ercnt pressures having connection with the valve-moving means, valved means for controlling the respective conductors, a movable actuating means for controlling the operations of the last named means, a first controller, a second controller, and means whereby the movable actuating means is controlled by the first controller and second controller.

5G. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation ot moving parts comprising, in combination, a pneumatic motor for one of said parts, a valve tor controlling the operationvalve for controlling the speed thereof, a

stem for said valve, connections between the stem and the pncumatjcs, said connections including separate and independently operable elements connected to the respective pneumatics, and means for controlling the pneumatics, including separate air concilietors connected thereto, valves for the respective air conductors, pressure operated actuating members for the respective valves, valves controlling the operations of said members, and an adjustable means for operating either of the last named valves.

58. Tn a mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, a lmotor for one of said parts` a governor valve, pneumatica for shitting said valve to edect an increase or decrease in the speed of the motor, primary valves under the control of the mov-4 ing parts respectively, secondary valves controlling the pneumatic forces to the pneumatics, and means for selectively controlling the secondary valves including additional valves, diaphragrns connected to the opened.

59. Mechanism i'or synchronizing the op- -erations of moving parts, comprising` in combination, a fluid-operated driving motor for one of said parts, a governor valve for the motor, and means for automatically operating the governor valve to vary the speed of the motor to accord with the speed of the other part, said means including pressureoperated elements, controlling elements operated in accord with the movements of the parts to be synchronized, respectively, connections betweenithe controlling elements and the pressure operated elements whereby the latter are operated selectively and only when the parts are moving out of synchronism With each other, and connections between the pressure-operated elements and the governor-valve so arranged that the operation of one pressure-operated element moves the valve in one direction and the operation of the other pressure-operated ele` ment moves the valve in the other direction.

60. l\/Iechanism for synchronizing the voperation of moving parts.,y comprising a pair of independently operable pneumatics, a fluid-operated driving means for one of said moving parts, a governor valve movable to vary the speed thereof to accord with the speed of the other part, adjusting connections between said valve and the pnenmatics 45 and Ameans 'for opera-ting said pnenmatics independently of each other.

6l. Mechanism for synchronizing' the operation of moving:r parts, comprising a pair of independentlyoperable pneumatics, a fluid-operated driving means for one of the moving parts, a governor-valve movable to vary the speed thereof to accord with the speed of the other part, an actuating element for said valve, means connecting the actuating elements `Witlrthe pneumatics, said means including separate and independently operable elements connected to the respective pneumatics, and means for operating the pneumatics.

62. Mechanism for synchronizing' the operations of moving parte, comprising a pneumatic motor for one or" the parts. a governor valve having connections with said motor,

and means for moving the governor valve to' vary the speed er" the motor to vLQCQXTCLWith the speed of the other part, inclnding a pair of independently operable pneumatico, an oscillatory member having connection `with the valve and provided with arenal teeth, a shaft having a gear engaging said teeth and also having ratchets, and pawls connected to the respective pneumatics `for engaging said ratchets.

63. Mechanism :tor synchronizing' the operations of moving parts comprising, in combination With the parts to be synchronized, a pneumatic motor for one ot sail parts, a valve movable to vary the speed et the motor to accord vvitl'r the speed of the other part and an operating means for the valve including a pair of independently operable pneumatics, means for operating; the pneumatics independently of each other, a. pivoted member havinef connection Avvith the valve, and connections'betiveen the pivoted member and the pneumatics, the said eonnections, including paivls which are open ated by the respective pnenmatics, ratchcts respectively engaged by the paivls and i ing connecting the ratchets with the pivot. ,l member for operating the latter.

64. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation o'f moving` parts, comprising a pair of independently operable pneumatics,driv ing means vfor one of said moving' paris, a valve movable to vary the speedthereof to accord With the speed the other part, connections betiv en said valve and pneumatics independently of each other aral means for operating said pnenmatics. cci prising chambers having openings thi' Which they may have comniunicatiim air sources of diiierent pressures and also raving valves for controlling such coi munication, connections betw len said ein' i trol athe operation or said pressureoper# ated members, including valves associated with said members respectively and operable to control the operation thereof, an operating element for said valves, and means for operating said clement in accord with variations in the relative speeds oi the moving parts whose movements are to synchronized.

65. Mechanism Jfor synchronizing the operation of moving parts, con'iprising a pair of pneumatics, a {luid-operated dri v mea-ns for one ci: said moving parts, ernor valve for controlling the sp ,l o driving means, adjusting connection. tween said valve and the pneni atics means for operating said pneumatics, cornprising chambers haying openin 'i through which they may have communica Y air sources of diiierent pressures. and also having valves for controlling and pneumatica, respectively, and pressureoperated means arranged to control the op-A 66. Mechanism for synchronizing the op-,

cra-tions of moving parts comprising a pair of 'pneumatica a Huid-operated driving means for one of saidmoving parts, a governor-valve for controlling the speed of the driving means, connections between said valve and the pneumatics and means for operating said pneumatics, comprising secondary valves, ducts connected to the pneumatics and controlled by the secondary valves, means including the primary valves for controlling the secondary valves, and controllers respectively movable in accord with the parts to be synchronized and controlling the primary valves respectively.

67. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts comprising a pair of pneumatics, a huid-operated driving means for one'of said moving parts, a governor-valve for controlling the speed or the driving means, connections between said valve and the pneumatilcs and means for operating said pneumatics, comprising pri-.- mary valves, secondary valves, ducts for airs of different pressures, connected to thev pneumatics and controlled by the secondary valves, controllers respectively movable in accord with the parts to be synchronized and arranged to control the primary valves, respectively, and means for selectively operating the secondary valves, said meansv including valves which are controlled from the primary valves.

68. Mechanism for synchronizing the operations of moving parts comprising a pair of pneumatics, a fluid-operated driving means for one of said moving parts, a governor-valvefor controlling the speed of the driving means, connections between said valve and the pneumatics means for operating said pneumatics comprising primary valves, secondary valves, ducts for air of different pressures, connected to the pneumatics and controlled by the secondary valves, controllers respectively movable in accord with the parts to be synchronized and arranged to control the primary valves, respectively, and means for selectively operating the secondary valves, said means including valves, an actuating element for the latter valves, connections between said latter valves and the secondary valves, respectively, adjusting pneumatics for the actuating element, valves for controlling said 4 pneumatics, connections between the pril'ij mary valves and the last named. valves, an operating pneumatic for the actuating element and means for controlling the latter pneumatic in accord with the primary valves. i c

69. Mechanism for synchronizing the operation or' moving parts, comprising a iluidoperated driving means forone of the parts whose movements are to be synchronized, a governor valve operable to control the speed thereof, a pair of pneumatics, connections between the valve and pneumatics, and means for operating said pneumatics, including chambers having connection with said pneumatics, respectively, and also having openings through which they mayhave communication with air sources of dierent pressures and valves for controlling said communication, a second pairof pneumatics, chambers having communication with the latter pneumatics, respectively, the latter chambers also having openings through` which they may have communication with sources of air or" different pressures and valves for controlling suchy communication, pressure operated means connected to the rst-mcntioned valves and means for varying the pressures on said pressure-operated means, including valves, movable operating means for said valves,\and adjusting connections between said operating means and the second pair of pneumatics.

70, Mechanism for synchronizing the operation o moving parts, comprising a fluidoperated driving means for one of the parts whose movements are to be synchronized, a governor valve operable to control the speed thereof, a pair of pneumatics, connections between the'valve and the pneumatics, and means i'or operating said pneumatics including chambers having connection with said pneumatics, respectively, and also having openings through which they may have communication with air sources of diil'erent pressures and valves tor controlling said con'm'iunication, pressure operated means connected to said valves, and means for varying the pressures on said pressure operated mcansin accordance with variations in the relative speeds of the parts whose movements are to be synchronized7 including` a second pair of pneumatics, chambers having communication with the latter' pneumatics, respectively, the latter chambers also having openings through. which they may have communication fith air sources of ditierent pressures and valves for controllii g such communication, means under control or the moving parts for operating the latter valves, adjusting elements connected to the second pair of pncumatics', an element adjusted thereby,` means :tor moving the latter element after it has been adjusted, and valves operated by said latter element.

Ti. Mechanism for synchronizing the oplli) eration or moving parts, comprising a iiuidoperated driving means for one of the parts whose movements are to be synchronized, a governor valve operable to control the speed thereof, a pair of. pneumatics, connections between the valve and pneumatics, and means for operating said pneumatics 1ncluding` chambers having connection with said pneumatics, respectively, and also having openings through which they may have communication with air sources of different pressures and valves for controlling said communication, pressure operated means connected to said valves, and means for varying the pressures on said pressure operated means comprising valves for controlling said valves selectively,

pressure thereto and means for operating including a lever, a second pair of pneumatics, adjusting connections between said lever and the second air of pneumatics to adjust the lever into line with one or the other valve when the proper pneumatic is operated, chambers having communication with the second pair of pneumatics, respectively, and also havingopenings through which they may have communication with sources of air of different pressures and valves for controlling said communication, pressure operated means connected to` the last-mentioned valves, means tocontrol the operation of the last-mentioned pressure operated means in' accordance with variations in the relative speeds of the parts Whose movements are to be synchronized, andmeans for pneumaticaily moving the lever into engagement with the respective valves when it has been adr justed by the operation of the second pair of list lthe operation of moving pneumatics.

72.111 a mechanism for synchronizing parts, a pair of chambers having openings through which they may have con'imunication with air sources or' different pressures, said chambers also having pressure-operable valves to control. such communication, means including primary and selecting` valves for controlling the pressures to the first uam'ed valves under control of variations in the relative speeds oithe moving iarts, and means whereby the speed of one of the moving parts will be changed in accordance variations in the relative times of operations il-said valves.

i 73. in n mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, a pair ot' chambers having openings through which they may have communication with air sources of different pressure, said chambers have comlnuiiication with either source, valves for controlling such communication, means whereby the operations of said valves are controlled by the operations ot the lirst ralves, and connections between the second pair ot' chambers and one of the parts `Whose movements are to be synchronized with another.

74.111 a mechanism 'for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, a pair ot' chambers having openins through which they may have c mnnunication with air sources of different pressures, pressureoperable valves to control such connnunication, means operable under control oit variations in the relative speeds of the moving parts for controlling the operations oil said valves, a second pair-oiu chambers having openings through which they may have communication with either ot said air sources, valves for controlling such communicatioma third pair of chambers having openings through which they may have communication with either air sources, valves for controlling such connnunication, means whereby the operations ot the last named valves are controlled by the operations of the lirst'named valves, connections between the third pair of chambers and thc valves ot' the second pair o l: chambers'Whereby the latterl are operated under control of the valves of said third pair ol chambers.v and connections betiveen the second pair of chambers and one of the parts Whose movements are to be synchronized with another.

In a mechanism for synchronizing the operation of moving parts, a pair of chambers 'having openings through which they may have communication vvith air sources of .ditl'snent pressure, pressureoperable valves to control such communication, means operable under control olf variations in the relative parts for contriilling the operations olE said valves, a second Apair et dhambers having openings throilgh which they may have communication with either ot' said air sources 'valves for controlling such communiifation, a third pair oi chambers having openings through which they may have communicaspeeds of the moving` lis' 0 

